This paper presents ChemReader, a fully automated optical structure recognition tool that converts raster images of chemical diagrams into machine-readable formats. It introduces a modified Hough transform for bond detection and a chemical spell checker that improves OCR accuracy from 66% to 87%.
This paper presents OSRA, the first open-source utility for converting graphical chemical structures from documents into machine-readable formats (SMILES/SD). It outlines a pipeline combining existing image processing tools with custom heuristics for bond and atom detection, establishing a foundation for accessible chemical information extraction.
This methodological paper proposes a comprehensive pipeline to digitize chemical structure images. It achieves 97% reconstruction accuracy on benchmarks by combining a topology-preserving vectorizer with a chemical knowledge validation module.
A comprehensive 2020 analysis of the tautomerism problem in chemical databases, compiling 86 tautomeric transformation rules (20 existing, 66 new) and validating them across 400M+ structures to inform algorithmic improvements for InChI V2.
A 2011 rule-based OCSR system designed specifically for the challenging low-quality images in Japanese patent applications, using segment-based methods to handle pervasive problems like touching characters, merged atom labels with bonds, and broken lines.
A 2025 end-to-end OCSR system addressing both technical and data challenges, introducing MolParser-7M (7M+ image-text pairs) and MolDet (YOLO-based detector) for extracting and recognizing molecular structures from real-world documents with diverse quality and styles.
MARCEL provides a comprehensive benchmark for molecular representation learning with 722K+ conformers across four diverse subsets (Drugs-75K, Kraken, EE, BDE), enabling evaluation of conformer ensemble methods for property prediction in drug discovery and catalysis.
A two-dimensional analytical potential energy surface introduced in 1979 for testing optimization algorithms. It features three minima and curved transition pathways that evaluate an algorithm’s ability to navigate non-trivial topologies.
A foundational 1931 paper that derives exact recursive formulas for counting alkane structural isomers, correcting historical errors and establishing the first systematic enumeration up to C₄₀.
GEOM contains 450k+ molecules with 37M+ conformations, featuring energy annotations from semi-empirical (GFN2-xTB) and DFT methods for property prediction and molecular generation research.
Step-by-step implementation of the classic Müller-Brown potential in PyTorch, with performance comparisons between analytical and automatic differentiation approaches for molecular dynamics and machine learning applications.
A PyTorch testbed for the Müller-Brown potential energy surface, built as ground truth for ML-in-molecular-dynamics work. It pairs analytical and autograd force kernels (the analytical path compiled with torch.compile) with a BAOAB Langevin sampler validated against the canonical distribution and a two-tier test suite.